When Benedict XVI was elected to the papacy in 2005, he continued to deliver the weekly General Audiences on the psalms and canticles that comprise Vespers using the text that John Paul II had prepared. After completing that cycle of talks in February 2006, Benedict began his own series on the great figures of the history of the Church with the stated intention of reflecting on “the mystery of the relation between Christ and the Church.” As part of this series of audiences, which lasted until April 2011, Benedict delivered 160 addresses on the most significant figures in the history of early, medieval, and early-modern Christianity, proceeding chronologically from the Apostles, through the Eastern and Western Church Fathers and Doctors and concluding with Thérèse of Lisieux. These audiences can be counted among the most important contributions of Benedict’s pontificate not only by reason of their numerical extent and historical breadth, but especially on account of their pastoral and theological significance.
The following table summarizes the entire cycle of audiences. Links to Vatican text of each address are listed below.
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1. Introduction: The Apostolic Ministry of the Church
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15 March 2006, Christ and the Church
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22 March 2006, Witnesses of Christ
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29 March 2006, The gift of "communion"
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5 April 2006, Safeguarding the gift
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26 April 2006, Communion in time: Tradition
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3 May 2006, The Apostolic Tradition of the Church
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10 May 2006, Having a "vision from on high"
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2. The Twelve
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17 May 2006, Peter, the fisherman
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24 May 2006, Peter, the Apostle
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7 June 2006, Peter, the rock
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14 June 2006, Andrew, the "Protoclete"
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21 June 2006, James, the Greater
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28 June 2006, James, the Lesser
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5 July 2006, John, son of Zebedee
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9 August 2006, John, the theologian
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23 August 2006, John, "the Seer of Patmos"
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30 August 2006, Matthew, the tax collector
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6 September 2006, Philip, the Apostle
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27 September 2006, Thomas, "the twin"
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4 October 2006, Bartholomew
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11 October 2006, Simon and Jude
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18 October 2006, Judas and Matthias
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3. First Biblical Witnesses of the Christian Faith
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25 October 2006, Paul the Apostle
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8 November 2006, St Paul's new outlook
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15 November 2006, St Paul and the Spirit
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22 November 2006, St Paul and the Church
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13 December 2006, Timothy and Titus
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10 January 2007, Stephen, the Protomartyr
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31 January 2007, Barnabas, Silas (also called Silvanus), and Apollos
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7 February 2007, Priscilla and Aquila
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14 February 2007, Women at the service of the Gospel
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4. Great Figures of the Early and Medieval Church
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7 March 2007, Saint Clement, Bishop of Rome
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14 March 2007, Saint Ignatius of Antioch
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21 March 2007, Saint Justin, Philosopher and Martyr
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28 March 2007, Saint Irenaeus of Lyons
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18 April 2007, Clement of Alexandria
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25 April 2007, Origen of Alexandria (1)
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2 May 2007, Origen of Alexandria (2)
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30 May 2007, Tertullian
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6 June 2007, Saint Cyprian
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13 June 2007, Eusebius of Caesarea
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20 June 2007, Saint Athanasius of Alexandria
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27 June 2007, Saint Cyril of Jerusalem
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4 July 2007, Saint Basil (1)
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1st August 2007, Saint Basil (2)
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8 August 2007, Saint Gregory Nazianzus (1)
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22 August 2007, Saint Gregory Nazianzus (2)
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29 August 2007, Saint Gregory of Nyssa (1)
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5 September 2007, Saint Gregory of Nyssa (2)
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19 September 2007, Saint John Chrysostom (1)
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26 September 2007, Saint John Chrysostom (2)
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3 October 2007, Saint Cyril of Alexandria
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10 October 2007, Saint Hilary of Poitiers
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17 October 2007, Saint Eusebius of Vercelli
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24 October 2007, Saint Ambrose of Milan
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31 October 2007, Saint Maximus of Turin
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7 November 2007, Saint Jerome (1)
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14 November 2007, Saint Jerome (2)
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21 November 2007, Aphraates, "the Sage"
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28 November 2007, Saint Ephrem
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5 December 2007, Saint Chromatius of Aquileia
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12 December 2007, Saint Paulinus, Bishop of Nola
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9 January 2008, Saint Augustine of Hippo (1)
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16 January 2008, Saint Augustine of Hippo (2)
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30 January 2008, Saint Augustine of Hippo (3)
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20 February 2008, Saint Augustine of Hippo (4)
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27 February 2008, Saint Augustine of Hippo (5)
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5 March 2008, Saint Leo the Great
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12 March 2008, Boethius and Cassiodorus
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9 April 2008, Saint Benedict
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14 May 2008, Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite
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21 May 2008, Saint Romanus the Melodist
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28 May 2008, Saint Gregory the Great (1)
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4 June 2008, Saint Gregory the Great (2)
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11 June 2008, Saint Columban
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18 June 2008, Saint Isidore of Seville
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25 June 2008, Saint Maximus the Confessor
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5. Excursus: The Year of St. Paul
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2 July 2008, Saint Paul (1): Religious and Cultural Environment
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27 August 2008, Saint Paul (2): The Life of St Paul before and after Damascus
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3 September 2008, Saint Paul (3): St Paul's "Conversion"
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10 September 2008, Saint Paul (4): St Paul's Concept of Apostolate
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24 September 2008, Saint Paul (5): Paul, the Twelve and the pre-Pauline Church
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1 October 2008, Saint Paul (6): The "Council" of Jerusalem and the Incident in Antioch
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8 October 2008, Saint Paul (7): The Relationship with the Historical Jesus
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15 October 2008, Saint Paul (8): Paul's Ecclesiological Dimension
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22 October 2008, Saint Paul (9): The Importance of Christology - Pre-existence and Incarnation
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29 October 2008, Saint Paul (10): The Importance of Christology - The Theology of the Cross
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5 November 2008, Saint Paul (11): The Importance of Christology - The Decisiveness of the Resurrection
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12 November 2008, Saint Paul (12): Eschatology - The Expectation of the Parusia
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19 November 2008, Saint Paul (13): The Doctrine of Justification - From Works to Faith
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26 November 2008, Saint Paul (14): The Apostle's Teaching on Faith and Works In Regard to Justification
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3 December 2008, Saint Paul (15): The Apostle’s teaching on the relation between Adam and Christ
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10 December 2008, Saint Paul (16): Theology of the sacraments
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7 January 2009, Saint Paul (17): The Spiritual Worship
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14 January 2009, Saint Paul (18): Theological vision of the Letters to the Colossians and Ephesians
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28 January 2009, Saint Paul (19): Theological vision of Pastoral Letters
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4 February 2009, Saint Paul (20): St Paul's martyrdom and heritage
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6. Great Figures of the Early and Medieval Church Continued
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11 February 2009, John Climacus
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18 February 2009, Bede, the Venerable
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11 March 2009, Saint Boniface
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22 April 2009, Ambrose Autpert
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29 April 2009, Germanus of Constantinople
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6 May 2009, John Damascene
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27 May 2009, Saint Theodore the Studite
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3 June 2009, Rabanus Maurus
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10 June 2009, John Scotus Erigena
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17 June 2009, Saints Cyril and Methodius
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2 September 2009, Saint Odo of Cluny
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9 September 2009, Saint Peter Damian
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16 September 2009, Symeon the New Theologian
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23 September 2009, Saint Anselm
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14 October 2009, Peter the Venerable
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21 October 2009, Saint Bernard
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28 October 2009, Monastic Theology and Scholastic Theology
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4 November 2009, Two Theological Models in Comparison: Bernard and Abelard
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11 November 2009, The Cluniac Reform
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18 November 2009, The Cathedral from the Romanesque to the Gothic Architecture: The Theological Background
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25 November 2009, Hugh and Richard of Saint Victor
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2 December 2009, William of Saint-Thierry
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9 December 2009, Rupert of Deutz
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16 December 2009, John of Salisbury
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30 December 2009, Peter Lombard
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13 January 2010, The Mendicant Orders
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27 January 2010, Saint Francis of Assisi
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3 February 2010, Saint Dominic Guzman
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10 February 2010, Saint Anthony of Padua
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3 March 2010, Saint Bonaventure
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10 March 2010, Saint Bonaventure (2)
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17 March 2010, Saint Bonaventure (3)
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24 March 2010, Saint Albert the Great
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2 June 2010, Saint Thomas Aquinas
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16 June 2010, Saint Thomas Aquinas (2)
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23 June 2010, Saint Thomas Aquinas (3)
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7 July 2010, John Duns Scotus
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7. Excursus: The Year for Priests
Note: for organizational clarity, these audiences are listed out of chronological sequence.
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24 June 2009, Year for Priests
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1st July 2009, Year for Priests (2)
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5 August 2009, St. John Mary Vianney, the Holy Curé of Ars
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12 August 2009, Mary, the Mother of priests
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19 August 2009, Saint John Eudes and the formation of the diocesan clergy
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7 October 2009, Saint John Leonardi
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14 April 2010, Munus docendi
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28 April 2010, Saint Leonard Murialdo and Saint Joseph Cottolengo
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5 May 2010, Munus sanctificandi
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26 May 2010, Munus regendi
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30 June 2010, Saint Joseph Cafasso
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8. Medieval Women Saints
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1st September 2010, Saint Hildegard of Bingen
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8 September 2010, Saint Hildegard of Bingen (2)
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15 September 2010, Saint Clare of Assisi
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29 September 2010, Saint Matilda of Hackeborn
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6 October 2010, Saint Gertrude the Great
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13 October 2010, Blessed Angela of Foligno
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20 October 2010, Saint Elizabeth of Hungary
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27 October 2010, Saint Bridget of Sweden
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3 November 2010, Marguerite d’Oingt
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17 November 2010, Saint Juliana of Cornillon
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24 November 2010, Saint Catherine of Siena
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1st December 2010, Julian of Norwich
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15 December 2010, Saint Veronica Giuliani
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29 December 2010, Saint Catherine of Bologna
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12 January 2011, Saint Catherine of Genoa
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26 January 2011, Saint Joan of Arc
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9. Doctors of the Church
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2 February 2011, Saint Teresa of Avila
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9 February 2011, Saint Peter Canisius
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16 February 2011, Saint John of the Cross
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23 February 2011, Saint Robert Bellarmine
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2 March 2011, Saint Francis de Sales
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23 March 2011, Saint Lawrence of Brindisi
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30 March 2011, Saint Alphonsus Liguori
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6 April 2011, Saint Theresa of Lisieux
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10. Conclusion: Holiness
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13 April 2011, Holiness
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